Project Drawdown · Top Climate Cooling Solutions

Top Solutions

Clean Energy ~17.8 Gt/yr

0 Gt5101520 Gt

5.4–7.5 Gt Onshore Wind

4.3–7.5 Gt Utility Solar

1.9–3.0 Gt Offshore Wind

1.5–2.5 Gt Dist. Solar

Onshore Wind — 5.4–7.5 Gt

Utility Solar — 4.3–7.5 Gt

Offshore Wind — 1.9–3.0 Gt

Distributed Solar — 1.5–2.5 Gt

Clean Cooking — ~0.98 Gt

Nature & Land ~8.7 Gt/yr

0 Gt5101520 Gt

2.5–4.5 Gt Tropical Forests

1.4–2.5 Gt Peatlands

1.2–2.3 Gt Silvopasture

0.9–1.9

Tropical Forest Restoration — 2.5–4.5 Gt

Peatland Protection — 1.4–2.5 Gt

Silvopasture — 1.2–2.3 Gt

Temperate Forest Restoration — 0.9–1.9 Gt

Food & Agriculture ~8.4 Gt/yr

0 Gt5101520 Gt

1.2–4.9 Gt Food Waste

1.4–3.6 Gt Plant-Rich Diets

0.9–2.1 Gt Rice

0.7–1.9

Reduce Food Waste — 1.2–4.9 Gt

Plant-Rich Diets — 1.4–3.6 Gt

Improved Rice — 0.9–2.1 Gt

Nutrient Management — 0.7–1.9 Gt

Buildings & Industry ~7.8 Gt/yr

0 Gt5101520 Gt

2.5–2.7 Gt Refrigerants

2.1–2.6 Gt Windows

0.9–2.1 Gt Methane Leaks

Alternative Refrigerants — 2.5–2.7 Gt

Improved Windows — 2.1–2.6 Gt

Methane Leak Management — 0.9–2.1 Gt

Heat Pumps — 0.58–0.93 Gt

LED Lighting — 0.62–0.65 Gt

Notes:

Bar length is the estimated midpoint reduction potential; all bars share a common 0–20 Gt scale
Gt/yr = Gigatons per year
Data current as of 2024–2025 and based on Project Drawdown's Highly Recommended solutions
Source: Project Drawdown Explorer · drawdown.org/explorer